See ապ- on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "xcl",
"3": "ապ-"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ապ- (ap-)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Armenian ապ- (ap-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ap-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ապա-",
"roman": "apa-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ապ- • (ap-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 37 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 38 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Armenian undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 24 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ապ- (ap-) + օրենք (ōrenkʻ, “law”) → ապօրինի (apōrini, “illegal”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a privative prefix; -less, in-, un-"
],
"id": "en-ապ--hy-prefix-jutCscTN",
"links": [
[
"-less",
"-less"
],
[
"in-",
"in-"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 37 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 38 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Armenian undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 24 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 25 27 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 27 28 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 30 30 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ապ- (ap-) + երջանիկ (erǰanik, “happy”) → ապերջանիկ (aperǰanik, “unhappy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming the opposites of adjectives; un-"
],
"id": "en-ապ--hy-prefix-mw8izCKb",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 37 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 38 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Armenian undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 24 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 25 27 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 27 28 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 30 30 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ապա- (apa-) + կենտրոնանալ (kentronanal, “to concentrate”) → ապակենտրոնանալ (apakentronanal, “to deconcentrate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to verbs to denote reversal, cancellation; un-, dis-, de-"
],
"id": "en-ապ--hy-prefix-lVmbaBgN",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
],
[
"de-",
"de-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑp/",
"tags": [
"Eastern-Armenian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑp]",
"tags": [
"Eastern-Armenian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑb/",
"tags": [
"Western-Armenian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑb]",
"tags": [
"Western-Armenian"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "an-",
"word": "ան-"
}
],
"word": "ապ-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ապ-"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: ապ- (ap-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: ապ- (ap-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ira"
},
"expansion": "Iranian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "ʾp̄y-",
"ts": "abē-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄y- /abē-/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "بیـ",
"tr": "bē-"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian بیـ (bē-)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of Iranian origin. Compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄y- /abē-/) and Classical Persian بیـ (bē-), both negative prefixes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ap-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ապա-",
"roman": "apa-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "ապ- • (ap-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ապ- • (ap-)",
"name": "xcl-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "apagovem",
"word": "ապագովեմ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "apašxarem",
"word": "ապաշխարեմ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "apastan",
"word": "ապաստան"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "aparankʻ",
"word": "ապարանք"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "apirat",
"word": "ապիրատ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "apuṙ",
"word": "ապուռ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 25 27 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tax",
"roman": "hark",
"text": "հարկ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "exempt from taxes",
"roman": "apahark",
"text": "ապահարկ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without, -less"
],
"id": "en-ապ--xcl-prefix-QvSGVXQF",
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"-less",
"-less"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 24 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 26 24 9 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 25 27 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 27 28 9 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 30 30 6 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to praise",
"roman": "govel",
"text": "գովել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to dispraise",
"roman": "apagovel",
"text": "ապագովել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to verbs to denote reversal, cancellation, un-, dis-, de-"
],
"id": "en-ապ--xcl-prefix-0Hei1eV4",
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
],
[
"de-",
"de-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "an-",
"word": "ան-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "t-",
"word": "տ-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "čʻ-",
"word": "չ-"
}
],
"word": "ապ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"Armenian lemmas",
"Armenian prefixes",
"Armenian terms derived from Old Armenian",
"Armenian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Armenian undefined derivations",
"Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Armenian lemmas",
"Old Armenian prefixes",
"Old Armenian terms borrowed from Iranian languages",
"Old Armenian terms derived from Iranian languages",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "xcl",
"3": "ապ-"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian ապ- (ap-)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Armenian ապ- (ap-).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ap-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ապա-",
"roman": "apa-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ապ- • (ap-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ապ- (ap-) + օրենք (ōrenkʻ, “law”) → ապօրինի (apōrini, “illegal”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a privative prefix; -less, in-, un-"
],
"links": [
[
"-less",
"-less"
],
[
"in-",
"in-"
],
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ապ- (ap-) + երջանիկ (erǰanik, “happy”) → ապերջանիկ (aperǰanik, “unhappy”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forming the opposites of adjectives; un-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ապա- (apa-) + կենտրոնանալ (kentronanal, “to concentrate”) → ապակենտրոնանալ (apakentronanal, “to deconcentrate”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to verbs to denote reversal, cancellation; un-, dis-, de-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
],
[
"de-",
"de-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɑp/",
"tags": [
"Eastern-Armenian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑp]",
"tags": [
"Eastern-Armenian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɑb/",
"tags": [
"Western-Armenian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɑb]",
"tags": [
"Western-Armenian"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "an-",
"word": "ան-"
}
],
"word": "ապ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Entries with collapsible category trees for nonexistent categories",
"Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Armenian lemmas",
"Old Armenian prefixes",
"Old Armenian terms borrowed from Iranian languages",
"Old Armenian terms derived from Iranian languages",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "ապ-"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: ապ- (ap-)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: ապ- (ap-)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "ira"
},
"expansion": "Iranian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"tr": "ʾp̄y-",
"ts": "abē-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄y- /abē-/)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "بیـ",
"tr": "bē-"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian بیـ (bē-)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of Iranian origin. Compare Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾp̄y- /abē-/) and Classical Persian بیـ (bē-), both negative prefixes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ap-",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ապա-",
"roman": "apa-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "prefix",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "ապ- • (ap-)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ապ- • (ap-)",
"name": "xcl-prefix"
}
],
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"lang_code": "xcl",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"roman": "apagovem",
"word": "ապագովեմ"
},
{
"roman": "apašxarem",
"word": "ապաշխարեմ"
},
{
"roman": "apastan",
"word": "ապաստան"
},
{
"roman": "aparankʻ",
"word": "ապարանք"
},
{
"roman": "apirat",
"word": "ապիրատ"
},
{
"roman": "apuṙ",
"word": "ապուռ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "tax",
"roman": "hark",
"text": "հարկ",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "exempt from taxes",
"roman": "apahark",
"text": "ապահարկ",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"without, -less"
],
"links": [
[
"without",
"without"
],
[
"-less",
"-less"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Armenian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to praise",
"roman": "govel",
"text": "գովել",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to dispraise",
"roman": "apagovel",
"text": "ապագովել",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"appended to verbs to denote reversal, cancellation, un-, dis-, de-"
],
"links": [
[
"un-",
"un-"
],
[
"dis-",
"dis-"
],
[
"de-",
"de-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "an-",
"word": "ան-"
},
{
"roman": "t-",
"word": "տ-"
},
{
"roman": "čʻ-",
"word": "չ-"
}
],
"word": "ապ-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ապ- meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.